Checklist for the evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging in otological pathology.

Otolaryngology specialists must be familiar with radiological studies that allow the diagnosis of different otological pathologies. Magnetic resonance imaging is a complement to computed tomography, which allows a better evaluation of soft tissues and contributes to the differential diagnosis of space-occupying lesions located in the temporal bone and lateral skull base. It is also the technique of choice for the evaluation of the inner ear and the anatomical structures located in the cerebellopontine angle. In this article we present a checklist for magnetic resonance imaging of the ear with different sections that will allow a systematic review of all structures of interest in otological practice, as well as the preferred sequences for each situation.

Lista de verificación para la evaluación de imágenes de resonancia magnética en patología otológica / Checklist for the evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging in otological pathology

Los especialistas en Otorrinolaringología debemos estar familiarizados con los estudios radiológicos que nos permiten el diagnóstico de las distintas patologías otológicas. La resonancia magnética es un complemento a la tomografía computarizada, que permite una mejor evaluación de los tejidos blandos, lo cual contribuye al diagnóstico diferencial de las lesiones ocupantes de espacio localizadas en el hueso temporal y base de cráneo lateral. Es, además, la técnica de elección para la valoración del oído interno y de las estructuras anatómicas situadas en el ángulo pontocerebeloso. En este artículo presentamos una lista de verificación de resonancia magnética del oído con distintos apartados que permitirán hacer una revisión sistemática de todas las estructuras de interés en la práctica otológica, evaluables mediante esta técnica de imagen, así como las secuencias y cortes de elección en cada caso. (AU)

Otolaryngology specialists must be familiar with radiological studies that allow the diagnosis of different otological pathologies. Magnetic resonance imaging is a complement to computed tomography, which allows a better evaluation of soft tissues and contributes to the differential diagnosis of space-occupying lesions located in the temporal bone and lateral skull base. It is also the technique of choice for the evaluation of the inner ear and the anatomical structures located in the cerebellopontine angle. In this article we present a checklist for magnetic resonance imaging of the ear with different sections that will allow a systematic review of all structures of interest in otological practice, as well as the preferred sequences for each situation (AU).

Checklist for the evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging in otological pathology. / Lista de verificación para la evaluación de imágenes de resonancia magnética en patología otológica.

Otolaryngology specialists must be familiar with radiological studies that allow the diagnosis of different otological pathologies. Magnetic resonance imaging is a complement to computed tomography, which allows a better evaluation of soft tissues and contributes to the differential diagnosis of space-occupying lesions located in the temporal bone and lateral skull base. It is also the technique of choice for the evaluation of the inner ear and the anatomical structures located in the cerebellopontine angle. In this article we present a checklist for magnetic resonance imaging of the ear with different sections that will allow a systematic review of all structures of interest in otological practice, as well as the preferred sequences for each situation.

Narrow band imaging endoscopy improves visualization of vessels of the perforated tympanic membrane.

PURPOSE: Because successful healing of a tympanic membrane perforation (TMP) depends upon the maintenance of blood supply to the injured area, we assessed the usefulness of narrow band imaging (NBI) video endoscopy to evaluate its vascularization. To our knowledge, the use of NBI to assess tympanic membrane (TM) vascular patterns has never been attempted. METHODS: Prospective observational study. NBI and cold white light (CWL) flexible videoendoscopy was used to explore perforated TMs of 100 patients. Main outcome measures were visualization of vessels among abnormal TM findings: monomeric areas (MA) (n = 6), myringosclerosis plaques (MP) (n = 65) and perforation edges (n = 100). They were graded by a vascular otoendoscopic score (VOS) comparing both types of lights (Wilcoxon test). Location and vascularization patterns were analyzed (Fisher's test). RESULTS: NBI was better to observe vascularization of 32% of perforation edges and 75.4% of MP (p < 0.001). NBI displayed higher (better) VOS when evaluating TMP edges (1.05 vs. 0.73) and MP (1.56 vs. 0.81, p < 0.001). The majority of TMP edges showed a ring pattern (66%), followed by irregular (19%), avascular (12%) and radial patterns (3%). The avascular pattern was more frequent in posterior perforations (p = 0.003). The radial pattern was most frequently found in MP, especially at posterior quadrants (p = 0.048). MA presented an irregular pattern in 83.3% of TMs. CONCLUSIONS: NBI videoendoscopy is a promising non-invasive technique, superior to CWL for visualizing vessels among TMP edges and MP, based on further study, could become a supplementary diagnostic tool in the workup of TMP and the decision-making surgical field.

Linfoma T/NK laringotraqueal: caso clínico / Laryngotracheal NK/T lymphoma: clinical case

El linfoma T/NK es infrecuente, de curso agresivo y mal pronóstico. Históricamente llamado «granuloma letal de línea media», su localización habitual es el macizo centro-facial. Presentamos un caso de localización laringotraqueal, en mujer colombiana de 22 años. Refería disfonía y hemoptisis. Presentaba desestructuración y necrosis laringotraqueal. En el estudio anatomopatológico existía infiltrado polimorfo y linfoide de disposición angioinvasora y angiodestructiva. La inmunohistoquímica confirmó el fenotipo de los linfocitos T/NK: CD2, CD56 y CD3 citoplasmático positivos. Epstein-Barr positivo. TIA-1 y perforina positivas. La paciente falleció por complicaciones de la enfermedad, sin poder recibir tratamiento oncológico(AU)

NK/T-cell lymphoma is a rare condition with an aggressive course and poor prognosis. Historically known as «lethal midline granuloma», it generally appears in a midfacial location. We describe the case of a 22-year-old Colombian woman with laryngotracheal affectation, presenting with hoarseness and hemoptysis. CT scan and MRI showed severe laryngeal and tracheal destruction. The biopsy showed a polymorphic, lymphoid cell infiltrate with angiocentric and angiodestructive pattern. The immunohistochemical study confirmed the immunophenotype of the NK/T-cells: CD2+, CD56+ and cytoplasmic CD3+. The in situ hybridization and flow cytometry findings were: EBER+, TIA-1+ and perforin+. The patient died from complications of her disease, before undergoing oncologic treatment(AU)

[Laryngotracheal NK/T lymphoma: clinical case]. / Linfoma T/NK laringotraqueal: caso clínico.

NK/T-cell lymphoma is a rare condition with an aggressive course and poor prognosis. Historically known as «lethal midline granuloma¼, it generally appears in a midfacial location. We describe the case of a 22-year-old Colombian woman with laryngotracheal affectation, presenting with hoarseness and hemoptysis. CT scan and MRI showed severe laryngeal and tracheal destruction. The biopsy showed a polymorphic, lymphoid cell infiltrate with angiocentric and angiodestructive pattern. The immunohistochemical study confirmed the immunophenotype of the NK/T-cells: CD2+, CD56+ and cytoplasmic CD3+. The in situ hybridization and flow cytometry findings were: EBER+, TIA-1+ and perforin+. The patient died from complications of her disease, before undergoing oncologic treatment.